Write a program in c++ which read two matrix and then print a matrix which is addition of these two matrix.

Coding:- 

                    #include<iostream.h>

void main()

{
 int a[2][3],b[2][3],c[2][3];

 int i,j;

 cout<<"enter values in first matrix  \n";
 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
cin>>a[i][j];


 }
cout<<"the matrix is : \n";

 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
 cout<<"  "<<a[i][j];

 cout<<"\n";


 }
   
 cout<<"enter values in 2nd matrix  \n";
 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
cin>>b[i][j];


 }
cout<<"the matrix is : \n";

 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
 cout<<"  "<<b[i][j];

 cout<<"\n";


 }
           for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)

 c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];

cout<<"\n";

}

         cout<<"the sum of two matrix is: = \n" ;

         for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
 cout<<"  "<<c[i][j];

 cout<<"\n";
} }


Output:-   

                                 

Write a program in c++ to input the value in two dimensional array and print all the elements in matrix form.

Coding:- 

                         

#include<iostream.h>

void main()

{
 int a[2][4];

 int i,j;

 cout<<"enter values in an array  \n";
 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
cin>>a[i][j];


 }
         cout<<"the array is : \n";

     for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
 cout<<"  "<<a[i][j];

 cout<<"\n";


 }
}

Output:- 

                   

Write a program in c++ which initialize a two dimensional array and print all the elements in matrix form.

Coding:- 

  

#include<iostream.h>

void main()

{
 int a[2][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};

 int i,j;

 cout<<"the array is : \n";
 for(i=0;i<=1;i++)
 {

for(j=0;j<=2;j++)
cout<<"  "<<a[i][j];
cout<<"\n";

 }

}

Output:-

              

Write a Program in c++ which read 6 no. from keyboard and store these no into array and then calculate sum of these no. using function.

Coding:- 

 #include<iostream.h>
 int sum (int a[])
 {
int n=0;
for(int i=0;i<=5;i++)
n=n+a[i];
return (n);
 }

 int output(int a[])

 {
cout<<"the elements of array are : "<< endl ;

for(int i=0;i<=5;i++)

cout<<a[i]<<endl;

 }

 int main()

 {
 int a[6],s,i;
 cout<<"enter 6 elements : ";
 for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
 cin>>a[i];

 output(a);

 cout<<"sum of array element is : ="<<sum(a)<<endl;


 }

Output:- 
   

Write a Program in c++to input the marks of five students in an array and then print all the marks.

Coding:- 

  #include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
 int marks[5] ;
int i;


 cout<<"enter marks of five students ";

 for(i=0;i<=4;i++)
 {
cin>>marks[i];
 }


cout<<"the marks of students are: \n";

 for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

 cout<<"marks of " << i+1<<"student is :" << marks[i]<<endl;


}

Output:- 

                       

Write a Program in c++ which store the marks of five students in an array and then print all the marks.

Coding:- 


    #include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
 int marks[5]= {50,60,70,80,90};
int i;

 cout<<"the marks of students are: \n";

 for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

 cout<<"marks of " << i+1<<"student is :" << marks[i]<<endl;


}

Output:- 

    

Write a Program in c++ for function Overloading.

Program:- Find the volume of cylinder, cube and rectangular box.

Coding:- 

                     #include<iostream.h>


float volume(float r, float h)
{
float vol;
vol= 3.14*(r*r)*h;
return vol;

}


float volume(float s)
{
float vol;
vol=s*s*s;
return vol;

}

float volume (float l, float b, float h)

{
float vol;
vol=l*b*h;
return vol;
}


void main()

{
float radius, side , length, breadth, height , vol;
int option;
 do{
cout<<" \n enter 1 for cylinder, 2 for cube, 3 for rectangular box and 4 for exit ";

cin>>option;

switch(option)
{
 case 1 :    cout<<"enter the value of radius and height of cylinder\n";
 cin>>radius>>height;
 vol=volume(radius, height);
 cout<< "volume = "<<vol<<" cubic units \n";
break;

case 2: cout<<"enter the value of side \n";
cin>>side;
vol=volume (side);
cout<<"\n volume  = "<<vol<<" cubic unit";
break;


 case 3: cout<<" enter the value of length, breadth and height ";
cin>>length>>breadth>>height;
vol=volume(length,breadth,height);
cout<<"\n volume  = "<<vol<<" cubic unit";
break;

default:  cout<<"invalid entry ";
break;

}


}  while (option>0 && option< 4);

}

Output:- 

Write a Program in C++ which calculates the factorial of a number using recursion.

Coding:- 

#include<iostream.h>

int fact (int n)

{
int value=1;

if(n==1)

return(value);

else
{
                               value=n*fact(n-1);
                                return(value);
}

}
main()

{
int fact(int);

int f, n;

cout<<"enter a number=";

cin>>n ;

f=fact(n);

cout<<"factorial of a number is ="<<f<<"\n";


}

Output:-

Write a Program in C++ to generate first n fibonacci terms .

Write a Program in C++ to generate first n fibonacci terms .

Coding:-


                      #include<iostream.h>
 
int fib (int );                  //function prototype
main()

{
int n,i;

cout<<"how many fibonacci terms you want ? \n";

cin>>n;

cout<<"fibonacci terms are \n";

for(i=1;i<=n;i++)

cout<<fib(i);                //function calling

}

int  fib (int n)                    //function definition

{
 if (n==1)

return(0);

else
{
 if (n==2)

return(1);
else

return(fib(n-1)+fib(n-2));


}

}

Output:-

               

Calling Functions

How to Call a function:-  

-  In c++ programs, Functions can be invoked by two method:

- Call by Value.

- Call by reference method.

1:- Call by Value:-
                               In this call by method the value of actual parameter that are appearing in the function call are copied into the formal parameters which are appearing in function definition.

 The following Program illustrates this concept:-

Program:- Calculate of simple interest using a function.

Coding:-

                

#include<iostream.h>


int simpleinterest(float p, float r, float t);  // function prototyping
main()
{
float principal, rate , time;

cout<<" enter value of principal, rate and time";

cout<<"\n principal = "  ;
cin>>principal;

cout<<" \n rate = ";

cin>>rate;

cout<<"\n time = ";
cin>>time;

simpleinterest(principal,rate,time);    // function calling




}

int simpleinterest(float p, float r, float t)     // function definition

{
 float interest;

interest=(p*r*t)/100;

cout<<"\nSimple interest ="<<  interest;

}

Output:-
                  

2:- Call by Reference:- 
                                         A reference provides an alternative name for the variable, i.e the same variable's value can be used by two different names that is the original name and the alternative name. In this call by reference method, a reference method, a reference to the actual arguments in the calling program is passed. so their the called functions does not create its own copy of the original values but works with the original values with different name.

The following program illustrates this concept:

Program:- Write a program for swapping of two numbers using function call by reference method.

Coding:-




 #include<iostream.h>

         int swap(int & a,int & b);                                    // function prototype

              main()
 {
 int n1 , n2;

 cout<<"enter two values";


 cout<<"\n num 1=  ";
 cin>>n1;

 cout<<"\n num 2=  ";
 cin>>n2;

 cout<<"\n before swapping n1 = "<<n1;
 cout<<"\n before swapping n2 = "<< n2;

 swap(n1, n2);                                                  // function calling

 cout<<"\n after swapping n1 ="<<n1;

 cout<<"\n after swapping n2 "<<n2;


}

int swap(int & a,int & b)                                     //function definition

{
int temp =a;

a=b;

b=temp;

}

Output:- 

           

Introduction Of Function

Function:- 
                  A function in c++ groups a number of program statements into single unit and gives it a name. This unit or part of function can be called from the other parts of the program.

Advantages of functions in c++:-

1- A complex program can be divided into small sub tasks and functions subprograms can be written for each.

2- They are easy to understand.

3- It has the facility to defining a function in terms of itself i.e, recursion.

4- A function can be utilized in many programs by separately compiling it and loading them together.

 Syntax :-

                     type  name_of_function(parameter passing)

                    {
                             Body of the function

                         }

:- Program to display general message using functions:-



 #include<iostream.h>

 void main()
 {


 void displaymsg();    // Function Prototype


 displaymsg();        // Function Call



 }

void displaymsg()    // Function Definition

 {

 cout<<"welcome to the function part in c++ programming language" ;


 }

Output:-

-Function Prototype:-
                                      It is necessary to declare a function before its use, if your are using main part before function. it tell the compiler that the function would be referenced at a later stage in the program. It could be in main function or it could be outside the main function.

Syntax:-      
                      type name_of_function(parameter passing)

example from above program:-        void displaymsg();

Actual Parameter-  Actual Parameter are the variables  that are provided in the function call.

Formal Parameter- Formal Parameter are the variables that are provided in the function definition.


Recursion:-
                      In C++, a function can call itself, this is called recursion. A function is said to be recursive if there exists a statement in its body for the function call itself.

There are two program that illustrates the use of recursion:-

- Write a Program in C++ to generate first n fibonacci terms .

-Write a Program in C++ which calculates the factorial of a number using recursion.

- Function Overloading:- Overloading means to use the same thing for different purposes. In C++, an overloaded function refers to a function having one name and more than one different meanings. So by using overloading functions we provide the same name for several functions.

There is a Program that illustrate the use of function Overloading.

- Write a Program in c++ for function Overloading.